43 湖南省地方标准 DB43/T2205—2021 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局栀子栽培技术规程 Technical regulations for cultivationof cape jasmine 2021-11发布-09 2022-01实施-09ICS CCS 65.020 B 60 DB43/T 2205—2021 I 目 次 前言 ································ ································ ································ ································ ······················· Ⅲ 1 范围 ································ ································ ································ ································ ··················· 1 2 规范性引用文件 ································ ································ ································ ································ 1 3 术语和定义 ································ ································ ································ ································ ········ 1 4 环境要求 ································ ································ ································ ································ ············ 1 5 母株选择 ································ ································ ································ ································ ············ 2 6 育苗 ································ ································ ································ ································ ··················· 2 7 苗期管理 ································ ································ ································ ································ ············ 3 8 造林 ································ ································ ································ ································ ··················· 3 9 抚育管理 ································ ································ ································ ································ ············ 4 10 病虫害防治 ································ ································ ································ ································ ······ 4 11 档案管理 ································ ································ ································ ································ ·········· 4 附录 A（规范性） 栀子主要病虫害及其防治方法 ································ ································ ············· 5 DB43/T 2205—2021 II DB43/T 2205—2021 III 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1 —2020《标准化工作导则 第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利 。本文件的发布机构不承担识别这些专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省林业局提出。 本文件由湖南省 林业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件起草单位：湖南省林业科学院、湘西州土家族苗族自治州林业综合服务中心、宁乡县腾辉中 药材有限公司、长沙栀子花农业有限公司、湖南梅之鲜生态循环农业发展有限公司。 本文件主要起草人：杨艳、汤玉喜、唐洁、黎蕾、李永进、和红晓、陈景震、蔡迎华、尹梦雅、欧 阳凯、朱梅根。 DB43/T 2205—2021 IV DB43/T 2205—2021 1 栀子栽培技术规程 1 范围 本文件规定了栀子栽培的环境要求、母株选择、育苗、苗期管理、造林、抚育管理、病虫害防治、 档案管理等。 本文件适用于湖南省的栀子苗木培育及栽培。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。 其中， 注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 GB 3095 环境空气质量标准 GB 4285 农药安全使用标准 GB 5084 农田灌溉水质标准 GB 15618 土壤环境质量标准 GB/T 15776 造林技术规程 NY/T 394 绿色食品肥料使用准则 NY/T 1276 农药安全使用规范总则 LY/T 2736 经济林名词术语 LY/T 2289 林木种苗生产经营档案 3 术语和定义 栀子 Gardenia jasminoides 茜草科（ Rubiaceae ）栀子属（ Gardenia）常绿灌木或小乔木，是一种多功能生态经济型植物。 文件中其他术语和定义按照 LY/T 2736 执行。 4 环境要求 4.1 环境质量 土壤条件 GB 15618 二级以上标准、灌溉水质 GB 5084二级以上标准、大气环境 GB 3095 二级以上 标准为宜。 4.2 栽培区域 海拔800 m以下的低山、丘陵、坡地、房前屋后等排水良好且土壤偏酸的区域。 DB43/T 2205—2021 2 5 母株选择 生长健壮、无病虫害、芽 体饱满、果大色橙红的 3a～10a生优良单株。 6 育苗 6.1 圃地选择和准备 6.1.1 选地 交通便利、水源充足、排水良好、无污染源、通风向阳、地势平坦、土层深厚的地块。 6.1.2 整地与作床 整地前每亩撒施生石灰 100 kg～150 kg，深耕30 cm～50 cm；撒施500 kg～1000 kg的蛭石、 500 kg～ 1500 kg的泥炭土，耙碎耙平，作床。苗床高 15 cm～25 cm、宽90 cm～120 cm、步道宽 20 cm～30 cm； 播种或扦插前用 600倍～800倍多菌灵或 1％～3％的硫酸亚铁溶液喷洒床面。 6.2 实生苗繁育 6.2.1 种子采集与保存 11月～12月，采集母株上饱满、橙红色且无病虫害的成熟果实，可随采随播，亦可带壳于通风处 晾干，用布袋或网袋封存，置于室内干燥通风处。 6.2.2 种子处理 果实去壳，浸入约 40 ℃的水中浸泡 2 h～3 h，搓散去杂，用洗洁精反复搓洗至水呈浅黄色或近无 色，捞出饱满种子沥干，再用 0.1％高锰酸钾溶液浸种约 30 min，捞出沥水。 6.2.3 播种 春播或秋播，用细沙或草木灰拌种，每亩播种量 2 kg～3 kg撒播或条播，条播行距 15 cm～25 cm、 深1 cm～2 cm，覆盖黄心土 1 cm～2 cm，再覆盖稻壳或稻草 1 cm～2 cm，洒水保持湿润。 6.3 扦插苗繁育 6.3.1 插条选择 选择健壮、无病虫害、半木质化枝条，于晴天早晚采集。 6.3.2 插穗处理 插条采后